Which developmental milestone is expected by 12 months of age?

The developmental milestone expected by 12 months of age is sitting without support. By this age, many infants have developed sufficient core strength and balance to sit independently. This ability typically emerges around 6 to 8 months, and by the time a child is 12 months old, they are usually very proficient at sitting up straight without needing any support.

Crawling generally occurs between 7 to 10 months, so while some may be crawling by 12 months, it is not a guaranteed milestone for all infants. Walking with assistance can occur around this age as well, but many children start walking independently between 12 to 15 months. Choosing favorite toys is more of a social or cognitive milestone that develops later, as it involves preferences that typically come in the 18 months to 2 years range. Thus, sitting without support is the clearest and most appropriate milestone expected by the age of 12 months.